Management: Cutaneous patch testing can help establish the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis to swim gear. Contact dermatitis to nose clips, earplugs, fins and fin straps has also been described. Diving suit dermatitis affects the neck, trunk and extremities and is caused by contact allergy to thiourea derivative it should be distinguished from acne mechanica. Included in the differential diagnosis are periorbital leukoderma, a toxic contact reaction thought to be caused by breakdown products of neoprene or glue in swim goggles, and purpura caused by excessively tight swim goggles. Rubber allergy is the common culprit, with mercaptobenzothiazole, tetramethylthiuram and paraphenylenediamine derivatives being the common allergens involved. Scuba diver dermatitis is caused by an allergic contact dermatitis to swimmer's goggles or scuba masks and presents with erythema, pruritus and occasional vesiculation or crusting in the distribution of the contact with the equipment. Adequate chlorination and control of the pH level of the hot tub can help prevent hot-tub folliculitis.Īllergic contact dermatitis to swim gear: Several unique dermatoses are caused by swim gear. When systemic manifestations (e.g., fever, chills and lymphadenopathy) are present, a course of oral ciprofloxacin therapy (500 mg twice daily for a week) may be warranted. Acetic acid 5% compresses applied for 20 minutes twice daily can also be used for symptomatic relief. Management: Treatment is usually supportive, with antipruritics administered orally or topically. Pseudomonas hot foot syndrome manifests with tender nodules on the soles of children's feet after using a wading pool. The submerged parts of the skin develop follicular erythematous papules and pustules, and the symptoms of this self-limited condition usually last from 7 to 10 days. Hot-tub folliculitis: Caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, this infection can occur in outbreaks among people using hot tubs and whirlpools. Frequent warm soaks of the affected area can also speed recovery. Skin cultures will be helpful since the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is as high as 30% in some geographic areas. Management: A course of systemic antibiotic therapy (e.g., cephalexin for 10 days) with adequate skin flora coverage is required. Streptococcus or Staphylococcus aureus are commonly involved, and patients present with firm, inflamed, deep nodules over the inferior gluteal creases. Topical steroid preparations are occasionally needed to treat areas that develop eczema, with the strength of preparation varying depending on the affected body part and on the severity of the eczema.īikini bottom: This form of deep bacterial folliculitis can occur after a full day of wearing damp, tight-fitting swimwear at the beach or during swimming competitions. Plain petroleum jelly or mineral oil can be used as an inexpensive and effective moisturizer, although less greasy creams are more appealing to most people. An oil-based protective emollient should be applied immediately after thoroughly pat-drying oneself with a towel. ![]() Small quantities of a mild oil-based soap or soap substitute (e.g., Spectro Jel 609) are preferable to irritating shower-room soap solutions. Management: Xerosis can be prevented by limiting immediate post-swim showers to quick rinse-offs, preferably in lukewarm or cool water. 1 Xerosis is exacerbated by the long hot showers that swimmers are notorious for taking, as well as by long soaks in Jacuzzis and hot tubs. Dilution and melting of the natural protective skin sebum leads to moisture loss from the stratum corneum, which results in a dry, scaly, itchy skin. Swimmer's xerosis: Swimmer's xerosis, or dry skin, is common among swimmers.
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